OGDscopy

Diagnostic

 Difficulty in swallowing (Dysphagia)
 Vomiting due to esophageal disorders
 Pain while eating (odyanophagia)
 Foreign Body ingestion (like coins, batteries, nails)
 Esophageal malignancies
 Esophageal strictures due to corrosive ingestion
 Acid peptic disorders
 Regurgitation of food
 Acid reflux
 Persistent bloating
 Persistent belching
 Early satiety
 Sever abdominal pain

Therapeutic

 Variceal Banding
 Ulcer bleeding
 Gastric variceal glue injection
 Clipping
 Esophageal Stricture dilation
 Achalasia Cardia dilatation
 Esophageal malignancy palliative metal stenting
 Duodenal stenting
 NJ tube insertion
 Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy (PEG tube insertion especially in various
disordrs)
 Foreign body (coins, button batteries, dentures, fish bones, nails, brush etc)

Colonoscopy

Diagnostic

 Chronic diarrhea
 Ulcerative colitis
 Crohn’s disease
 Intestinal Tuberculosis
 NSAIDs indued GI disorders
 Intestinal malignancies
 Per rectal bleeding
 Anal fissure
 Anal canal malignancy

Constipation
 Incomplete stool evacuation
 Intestinal stricture

Therapeutic

 Bleeding
 Enteral stenting
 Foreign body removal
 Piles sclerotherapy
 Ectopic varices bleeding

Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancretography (ERCP)

 Choledocholithiasis
 Biliary strictures
 Pancreatic strictures
 Pancreatic calculi
 Palliative biliary metal stenting